What is hypothyroidism? What causes hypothyroidism? How is hypothyroidism treated? describe in detail.
**Hypothyroidism** is a medical condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, which means that the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones to meet the body's needs. Thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), play a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions, including metabolism, energy production, and the functioning of organs and tissues. **Causes of Hypothyroidism**: 1. **Autoimmune Thyroiditis (Hashimoto's Thyroiditis):** This is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developed countries. It occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and damages the thyroid gland, leading to reduced hormone production. 2. **Iodine Deficiency:** Iodine is an ess ential component of thyroid hormones. A lack of iodine in the diet can lead to an underactive thyroid gland, but this is rare in regions with iodized salt or where iodine-rich foods are common. 3. **Thyroid Surgery or Radiation Therapy:** If someone h...